Q486 :In a program on prayer broadcast in our
country a religious teacher said that if a person does not pray five
times daily for three consecutive days, he may be executed. Please
netment.
A486 : The suggestion you have quoted is
preposterous. To suggest that a person who does not pray for three days
can be taken and sentenced to death and executed straight-away is to
betray one’s ignorance of Islam and its teachings. But I can imagine
the line of thinking which leads this man to say what he said, that is,
if he is quoted correctly. Some scholars argue that a person who does
not pray is a non-believer. If he was a Muslim and then reached that
stage, then some people argue, he is an apostate and apostasy may incur
capital punishment. But this line of thinking is not much different
from the one which leads to the following conclusion: What is white is
milk; eggs are white, so egg is milk. Let us now examine the position
of a person who does not pray for three days. Scholars have
distinguished between two types of disbelief: one which relates to
action or lack of it. The first is concerned only with what a person
believes in or denies. It is unanimously agreed by all scholars that if
a person denies something which is essentially known as an integral
part of the Islamic faith, he is a disbeliever. If we are to apply this
principle to prayers, we say that if a person claims to be a Muslim and
denies that prayers are part of Islam, or says that it is part of it
but not necessarily in the number or the manner which the Prophet has
taught us, then he is a disbeliever. If his denial has nete shortly
after he had been a Muslim, then he is an apostate. In a Muslim state,
an apostate is given a fair hearing before Muslim judges who may order
that scholars should nete and explain to him the Islamic faith and
argue with him about his beliefs. If he insists on maintaining his
apostasy, he is given three days to recant. If he does not, then he may
incur the capital punishment, as happened indeed in Sudan recently when
a man who claimed to be god was executed. I would like to point here
that this is not a simple case, but a very netplicated one. To start
with, the person concerned should have publicized his beliefs which are
contrary to Islam in a way which is likely to undermine Islamic
society. If he keeps his beliefs to himself, nobody will question him
about them. When he is questioned about them, every opportunity is
given to make him realize his mistake. Scholars of the highest caliber
are brought to argue with him. In the end, if he is so stubborn, he is
sentenced, but given three days to recant. He can easily escape
punishment by publicly saying that he has renounced his erroneous
beliefs. What I would like to emphasize here is that a Muslim
government is not at all interested in discovering who is following the
right faith and who has funny ideas. It does not follow people into
their homes to discover what they actually believe in. Therefore, a
person may entertain the most preposterous thoughts and beliefs,
without having any fear that anyone will question him about his ideas.
The principle is clearly stated in the Qur’an: “No netpulsion is
admissible in matters of faith.” If a person who has much deviant
ideas starts to publicize them and calls on others to share his
beliefs, he is actually starting a rebellion against the very fabric of
Islamic society and its basic concepts. His action is likely to result
in division and conflict. When this happens, Islam moves to nip such a
detrimental offshoot when it is still in the bud. Its method is to give
the person concerned every chance to stop his seditious action. To
escape punishment, that person need not do more than to state that he
withdraws his earlier statements, even if he still believes in them
himself. What Islam achieves by this is to stop the act of sedition
which could cause public disorder. If the person still maintains his
ideas but keeps them to himself, no one is going to bother about him.
The other type of disbelief is that which relates to action, or the
lack of it. Certain actions of disobedience to Allah have been
described by the Prophet as actions of disbelief. A person who is
guilty of any of these is questioned about his actions and the Islamic
attitude is explained to him. If he has netmitted an act of
disobedience for which a particular punishment is prescribed by Allah
and this is proven either by the testimony of the required number of
witnesses or by free confession, then the punishment is carried out. No
authority can stop it. In the case of a person who does not pray, there
is no prescribed punishment.
Our Dialogue ( Source : Arab News – Jeddah )